What's the difference between dementia and Alzheimer's?

Seniors on a walk outdoors

Many people recognize the words dementia and Alzheimer’s, but not everyone understands the differences.

 

The terms are often used interchangeably, but there are key differences.

 

Let's take a closer look.

What is dementia?

Dementia is a general term to describe the impaired ability to remember. A group of symptoms and specific diseases, dementia is an umbrella term that encompasses several diseases, including Alzheimer's

What is Alzheimer’s?

Alzheimer’s is a disease. Alzheimer’s is a type of dementia. Alzheimer’s results from damage to cells in the brain, specifically the relationship between amyloid beta and Alzheimer’s disease. While there are many causes of dementia, Alzheimer’s is the most common cause. 

 

How are they the same?

Alzheimer’s and dementia share some common ground.

 

  1. Neither are a normal part of aging, although age is the highest risk factor for dementia. They result from cell damage which occurs later in the disease.
  2. They can affect anyone of any age although they happen more with age.
  3. Both interfere with thinking and memory.
  4. They can each eventually interrupt daily life.
  5. Although Alzheimer’s and dementia are progressive, treatments to slow progression are available.

 

Types of dementia

Alzheimer’s disease

Alzheimer’s accounts for 60 to 80% of dementia cases. Age and family history are the highest risk factors. One key symptom is the inability to remember a recent event that happened minutes or hours ago.  

Vascular dementia

Vascular dementia accounts for 10% of dementia. Most are associated with stroke, high blood pressure, and diabetes, this type of dementia gets worse over time due to strokes or mini strokes.

 

Lewy body dementia

With actor and comedian Robin William’s suicide, and eventual revelation that he suffered from Lewy body dementia, this type of dementia has garnered more awareness.

Symptoms involve memory loss as well as more physical changes like stiffness, trouble sleeping and visual hallucinations. 

 

Fronto-temporal dementia

This affects the front of the brain, resulting in personality or behavior changes. One key sign is inappropriate comments or problems with language skills.

 

What if I suspect changes in myself or a loved one?

Time and observation can help reveal if symptoms are just part of normal life and forgetfulness or resulting from a more serious condition or disease. At CenterWell, our primary care doctors and Care teams work with seniors and caregivers every day. Let us know if you have concerns about yourself or a loved one.

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Content contained on this page is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Consult your health care provider before beginning any new fitness or dietary plan. References provided are for informational purposes only and do not constitute endorsement of any websites or other sources. Should you have any health-related questions, you should contact your health care provider.

 

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